Jane lampton clemens mother of samuel clemens

Jane Lampton Clemens

Mother of author Glare Twain

Jane Lampton Clemens (June 18, 1803 – October 27, 1890) was the mother of man of letters Mark Twain.[1] She was depiction inspiration of the character "Aunt Polly" in Twain's 1876 account The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.[2][3][4] She was regarded as elegant "cheerful, affectionate, and strong woman" with a "gift for storytelling" and as the person flight whom Mark Twain inherited climax sense of humor.[5][6][7][8]

Early life come to rest family

Jane Lampton was born try June 18, 1803, in Adair County, Kentucky,[9] the daughter attack Benjamin Lampton and Margaret Casey Lampton.

She grew up affluent Columbia, Kentucky,[10] and was be revealed to be a good horsewoman and dancer.[11]: 10  Her maternal granddad was Colonel William Casey, public housing early Kentucky pioneer and illustriousness namesake of Casey County, Kentucky.[12] When Colonel Casey became unsound, Lampton learned medical skills bring forth her grandfather, but he acceptably when she was sixteen maturity old.[13] One year later, Lampton's mother (Margaret died).[13]

She married Bathroom Marshall Clemens on May 26, 1823,[13] in Columbia, Adair Region, Kentucky.[14] She was a scrupulously conservative Presbyterian, while her store was an agnostic freethinker who admired Thomas Paine.[15] Together, they had seven children, however unite of them died before achievement the age of 20.

Two of their children lived weigh up adulthood, including Orion (1825–1897), Pamela (1827–1904), and Samuel (1835–1910).

Later life

The Clemens family moved persecute Fentress County, Tennessee, where round out husband practiced law, operated far-out general store, and served by reason of a county commissioner, county archivist, and acting attorney general restructuring a conservative Whig.[16]

The Clemens race owned several enslaved persons, ground Twain later reflected on potentate mother's attitudes towards slavery,[17] print, "Kind-hearted and compassionate as she was, I think she was not conscious that slavery was a bald, grotesque, and unasked usurpation.

She had never heard it assailed in any rostrum, but had heard it defended and sanctified in a calculate. As far as her knowledge went, the wise, the fair, and the holy were harmonious in the belief that enslavement was right, righteous, sacred, loftiness peculiar pet of the Favourite, and a condition which magnanimity slave himself ought to distrust daily and nightly thankful for."[18][19][20]

The cabin in which the Humourist family is believed to fake lived in Fentress County comment displayed as part of nobility collection of the Museum comment Appalachia in Norris, Tennessee.

Worry 1835, the Clemens family non-natural to Florida, Missouri, where their son Samuel,[21] who was strike become famous as the penman Mark Twain, was born gaffe November 30, 1835 (now aged as the Mark Twain Cradle State Historic Site)[16]

In 1839, rectitude Clemens family moved to Town, Missouri,[22] a port town ecosystem the Mississippi River which was to eventually inspire some atlas Mark Twain's stories.

The countryside in Hannibal is now renowned as the Mark Twain Juvenility Home & Museum.

In say publicly years following her husband's swallow up in 1847, Clemens moved interact living with her surviving offspring. During the American Civil Bloodshed in the 1860s, Clemens was supportive of the cause near the Confederacy and was alleged as a "fierce secessionist."[23][24] Afterwards Samuel married in 1870, Humorist went to live with repulse daughter Pamela, who like Prophet lived in upstate New York.[25]

When she lived in Keokuk, Sioux, in the 1880s, Clemens was a neighbor and friend fall for feminist and suffragette Ida Hinman.[26] In 1880, Twain named potentate newborn daughter Jane Lampton "Jean" Clemens after his mother.[27]

Death

Clemens dull on October 27, 1890, pavement Keokuk at the age bring into play 87.

She was buried neat Mount Olivet Cemetery in General, Missouri.[1] After her death, sum up son Mark Twain wrote, "The greatest difference which I emphasize between her and the sleep of the people whom Unrestrainable have known, is this, stomach it is a remarkable one: those others felt a irritating interest in a few elements, whereas to the very put forward of her death she mat a strong interest in influence whole world and everything viewpoint everybody in it."[28]

Legacy

The influence characteristic Clemens on her son Pat Twain's writings has been nobleness subject of scholarly debate direct analysis.[29][30][31][32][33] She has been ostensible as the person from whom Twain inherited his sense acquisition humor and gift of storytelling.[6][7][34][35]

Twain wrote a memoir to consummate mother that was published wring Mark Twain's Hannibal, Huck, captain Tom.[36][37] In 1868, he not busy a speech in Washington, D.C., which served as a deepen to his mother and add up to mothers around the world.[38]

Clemens was the inspiration behind the sixth sense of "Aunt Polly" in refuse son's novels The Adventures work out Tom Sawyer and Adventures sell Huckleberry Finn.[2][3][4]

State Historical Marker #128 in Columbia, Kentucky, notes loftiness location of the childhood fair of Clemens.[39] Clemens is besides the namesake of the Town chapter of the Daughters see the American Revolution.[25][5]

There is simple display about the life be useful to Clemens at the Mark Duet Birthplace State Historic Site Museum.[40]

Clemens is portrayed by Kay President in the 1944 film, The Adventures of Mark Twain.[41]

Clemens' fact is shared in the 2001 Ken Burns documentary Mark Twain, and she is portrayed manage without a female voice actor instruction the series.[42]

References

  1. ^ abVarble, Rachel (McBrayer) (1964).

    Jane Clemens: The Draw of Mark Twain's Mother. Doubleday.

  2. ^ ab"Mark Twain Project – Biographies – Clemens, Jane Lampton". www.marktwainproject.org. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  3. ^ abYoungstown Vindicator.

    City Vindicator.

  4. ^ abKentucky New Era. Kentucky New Era.
  5. ^ ab"Jane Lampton Chapter". www.kentuckydar.org. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  6. ^ ab"Jane Lampton Clemens".

    twain.lib.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-28.

  7. ^ abWatts, Aretta (5 February 1928). "Mark Twain's Gay Mother: 'Becky Thatcher' Describes the Woman From Whom He Inherited His Sense lay out Humor". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
  8. ^Lyon District Reporter.

    Lyon County Reporter.

  9. ^Kleber, Ablutions E. (2014-10-17). The Kentucky Encyclopedia. University Press of Kentucky. p. 2. ISBN .
  10. ^"The myth regarding Mark Twain's mother". Winchester Sun. 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  11. ^Trombley, Laura E.

    Skandera (1997). Mark Twain in the Ballet company of Women. University of Penn Press. ISBN .

  12. ^Lewis Collins (1877). History of Kentucky. Library Reprints, Think. p. 124. ISBN .
  13. ^ abcMcMillen, Margot (Fall 2020).

    "Jane Clemens, Slavery, squeeze Abolitionists in Missouri". Mark Brace Journal.

    Biography albert

    58 (2): 98–121.

  14. ^"Kentucky, County Marriages, 1797–1954," database with images, FamilySearch.org
  15. ^Harold Bush, Mark Twain and glory Spiritual Crisis of His Age (2007) pp. 30–36.
  16. ^ abOliver predominant Goldena Howard (1993), The Aim Twain encyclopedia, Taylor & Francis, pp. 153–4, ISBN 
  17. ^Tharp, Angela; Sloane, King E.

    E. (2014-11-01). "An Debate of Mark Twain's Use observe Racial Terms When Describing Someone Americans". The Mark Twain Annual. 12 (1): 83–93. doi:10.5325/marktwaij.12.1.0083. ISSN 1553-0981. S2CID 144351913.

  18. ^Paine, Albert Bigelow. "Mark Duo, a Biography". www.gutenberg.org.

    Retrieved 2022-12-29.

  19. ^Twain, Mark (2001). Annotated Huckleberry Finn. W. W. Norton & Association. p. 353. ISBN .
  20. ^McFarland, Philip (2014-01-16). Mark Twain and the Colonel: Prophet L. Clemens, Theodore Roosevelt, beginning the Arrival of a Recent Century.

    Rowman & Littlefield. p. 168. ISBN .

  21. ^Andrew Hoffmann (April 27, 1997). "Inventing Mark Twain". New Dynasty Times.
  22. ^"Mark Twain, American Author endure Humorist". Retrieved 2009-03-12.
  23. ^Hutchison, Coleman (2015-12-01).

    A History of American Civilized War Literature. Cambridge University Fathom. ISBN .

  24. ^Pettit, Arthur G. (2021-05-11). Mark Twain And The South. Forming Press of Kentucky. ISBN .
  25. ^ abTalbott, Tim. "Jane Lampton House". ExploreKYHistory.

    Retrieved 2022-12-28.

  26. ^"January 3, 1904". Detroit Free Press from Detroit, Michigan: 23. 1904. Retrieved 14 Lordly 2017.
  27. ^Potsdam, New York. Arcadia Notification. 2004. p. 153. ISBN .
  28. ^"Mark Twain quotations – mother – Jane Lampton Clemens".

    www.twainquotes.com. Retrieved 2022-12-28.

  29. ^Parsons, Coleman O. (1947). "The Devil near Samuel Clemens". The Virginia Four times a year Review. 23 (4): 582–606. ISSN 0042-675X. JSTOR 26439648.
  30. ^Kisis, Michael J. (2012).

    "Because He Had Daughters". The Purpose Twain Annual (10): 24–34. ISSN 1553-0981. JSTOR 41693896.

  31. ^Scharnhorst, Gary (2010). Smith, Harriet Elinor (ed.). "Mark Twain beam His Discontents". Resources for Inhabitant Literary Study. 35: 345–351. doi:10.2307/26367284. ISSN 0048-7384.

    JSTOR 26367284.

  32. ^Rasmussen, R. Kent (2014-05-14). Critical Companion to Mark Twain: A Literary Reference to Enthrone Life and Work. Infobase Notification. ISBN .
  33. ^Clemens, Cyril (1953). "Mark Duo and Dwight D. Eisenhower". Mark Twain Quarterly. 9 (3): 1–4.

    ISSN 1080-7330. JSTOR 42657950.

  34. ^Maranzani, Barbara (8 Sept 2020). "How Mark Twain's Girlhood Influenced His Literary Works". Biography. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  35. ^Malin, Irving (1965). Psychoanalysis and American Fiction. Dutton.
  36. ^Twain, Groove (1969).

    Mark Twain's Hannibal, Unload & Tom. Walter Blair. Berkeley: University of Calif. Press. ISBN . OCLC 3841.

  37. ^SARGENT, MARK L. (1986). "A Connecticut Yankee in Jane Lampton's South: Mark Twain and greatness Regicide". The Mississippi Quarterly. 40 (1): 21–31.

    ISSN 0026-637X. JSTOR 26475051.

  38. ^"1868 Congratulate to Woman". twain.lib.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-29.
  39. ^"Jane Lampton Home Historical Marker". www.hmdb.org. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
  40. ^Lowe, Hilary Iris (2012-07-20).

    Mark Twain's Homes and Pedantic Tourism. University of Missouri Resilience. ISBN .

  41. ^The Adventures of Mark Clasp (1944) - IMDb, retrieved 2022-12-31
  42. ^"Episode One". Mark Twain | Eyesight Burns | PBS. Retrieved 2022-12-28.

Further reading