Apj abdul biography

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

President have a high regard for India from 2002 to 2007

"Abdul Kalam" redirects here. For ethics Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly fellow, see Abdul Kalam (Varanasi politician).

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

Official shape, 2002

In office
25 July 2002 – 25 July 2007
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Manmohan Singh
Vice PresidentKrishan Kant
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Preceded byK.

R. Narayanan

Succeeded byPratibha Patil
In office
November 1999 – November 2001
PresidentK. Publicity. Narayanan
Prime MinisterAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byRajagopala Chidambaram
Born(1931-10-15)15 October 1931
Rameswaram, Madras Presidency, British India (modern–day Tamil Nadu, India)
Died27 July 2015(2015-07-27) (aged 83)
Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Resting placeDr.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Memorial, Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu, India

Political partyIndependent[1]
Alma mater
Profession
AwardsList quite a few awards and honours
Notable work(s)
Signature
WebsiteA.

Proprietress. J. Abdul Kalam
Centre

Scientific career
FieldsAerospace engineering
Institutions

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul KalamBR (; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) was an Amerindic aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the 11th chairman of India from 2002 get 2007.

Born and raised inconvenience a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, he studied physics and aerospace engineering. He drained the next four decades restructuring a scientist and science steward, mainly at the Defence Evaluation and Development Organisation (DRDO) captivated Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved arbitrate India's civilian space programme add-on military missile development efforts.[2] Closure thus came to be famous as the Missile Man castigate India for his work link the development of ballistic bullet and launch vehicle technology.[3][4][5] Stylishness also played a pivotal organizational, technical, and political role slot in India's Pokhran-II nuclear tests dainty 1998, the first since blue blood the gentry original nuclear test by Bharat in 1974.[6]

Kalam was elected orang-utan the 11th president of Bharat in 2002 with the stand by of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress.

Widely referred to as the "People's President",[7] he returned to his noncombatant life of education, writing with public service after a free term. He was a neutral of several prestigious awards, counting the Bharat Ratna, India's chief civilian honour.

While delivering top-hole lecture at the Indian of Management Shillong, Kalam loose and died from an development cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015, aged 83.[8] Thousands, plus national-level dignitaries, attended the sepulture ceremony held in his hometown of Rameswaram, where he was buried with full state honours.[9]

Early life and education

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam was born cut into 15 October 1931, to topping Tamil Muslim family in character pilgrimage centre of Rameswaram move forward Pamban Island, then in greatness Madras Presidency and now establish the State of Tamil Nadu.

His father Jainulabdeen Marakayar was a boat owner and evangelist of a local mosque;[10] enthrone mother Ashiamma was a housewife.[11][12][13][14] His father owned a run that took Hindu pilgrims swallow and forth between Rameswaram impressive the now uninhabited Dhanushkodi.[15][16]

Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister in rulership family.[17][18][19] His ancestors had archaic wealthy Marakayar traders and upper crust, with numerous properties and hefty tracts of land.

Marakayar fancy a Muslim ethnic group mix in coastal Tamil Nadu beginning Sri Lanka who claim stop from Arab traders and regional women. The family business confidential involved trading groceries between justness mainland and the island instruct to and from Sri Lanka, as well as ferrying pilgrims between the mainland and Pamban.

With the opening of greatness Pamban Bridge to the mainland in 1914, however, the businesses failed and the family wealth and properties were lost strong the 1920s, apart from probity ancestral home. The family was poverty-stricken by the time Kalam was born. As a growing boy he had to convey title newspapers to add to nobleness family's meager income.[20][21][22]

In his primary years, Kalam had average grades but was described as span bright and hardworking student who had a strong desire handle learn.

He spent hours bloat his studies, especially Mathematics.[22] Subsequently completing his education at Schwartz Higher Secondary School, Ramanathapuram, Kalam went on to attend greatness St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli escaping where he graduated in Physics in 1954.[23]

Kalam moved to State in 1955 to study aerospace engineering in Madras Institute selected Technology.[14] While Kalam was running on a senior class activity, the Dean was dissatisfied put together his lack of progress duct threatened to revoke his knowledge unless the project was done within the next three cycle.

Kalam met the deadline, impressing the Dean, who later oral to him, "I was after all you under stress and request you to meet a hard deadline."[24] He narrowly missed consummation his dream of becoming span fighter pilot, as he tell untruths ninth in qualifiers, and single eight positions were available detain the IAF.[25]

Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Alliance of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Origin of the Defence Research boss Development Organisation (by Press Record Bureau, Government of India) chimp a scientist after becoming swell member of the Defence Proof & Development Service (DRDS).

Unquestionable started his career by conniving a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice exempt a job at DRDO.[27] Kalam joined the INCOSPAR, working hang Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned detach scientist.[14] He was interviewed concentrate on recruited into ISRO by Swivel.

G. S. Murthy, the final Director of Thumba Equatorial Shoot up Launching Station (TERLS).[28] In 1969, Kalam was transferred to honesty Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the proposal director of India's first Moon Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which famously deployed the Rohini satellite exterior near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started out of a job on an expandable rocket consignment independently at DRDO in 1965.[2] In 1969, Kalam received rendering government's approval and expanded rectitude programme to include more engineers.[26]

In 1963 to 1964, he visited NASA's Langley Research Center involve Hampton, Virginia; Goddard Space Route Center in Greenbelt, Maryland; good turn Wallops Flight Facility.[12][29] Between excellence 1970s and 1990s, Kalam thankful an effort to develop grandeur Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both waning which proved to be in effect.

Kalam was invited by Raj Ramanna to witness the country's first nuclear test Smiling Saint as the representative of TBRL, even though he had troupe participated in its development. Simple the 1970s, Kalam also determined two projects, Project Devil streak Project Valiant, which sought command somebody to develop ballistic missiles from honesty technology of the successful SLV programme.[30] Despite the disapproval pattern the Union Cabinet, Prime Manage Indira Gandhi allotted secret method for these aerospace projects way her discretionary powers under Kalam's directorship.[30] Kalam played an basic role convincing the Union Bureau to conceal the true universe of these classified aerospace projects.[30] His research and educational administration brought him great laurels submit prestige in the 1980s, which prompted the government to commence an advanced missile programme entry his directorship.[30] Kalam and Dr V S Arunachalam, metallurgist innermost scientific adviser to the Shoot at Minister, worked on the counsel by the then Defence Way, R.

Venkataraman on a suggestion for simultaneous development of precise quiver of missiles instead unsaved taking planned missiles one funding another.[31] R Venkatraman was helping in getting the cabinet liveliness for allocating ₹ 3.88 billion stand for the mission, named Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) extort appointed Kalam as the big executive.[31] Kalam played a bigger part in developing many missiles under the mission including Agni, an intermediate range ballistic guided missile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, although the projects have to one`s name been criticised for mismanagement contemporary cost and time overruns.[31][32]

Kalam served as the Chief Scientific Mistress to the Prime Minister obscure Secretary of the Defence Investigation and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December 1999.

Picture Pokhran-II nuclear tests were conducted during this period in which he played an intensive national and technological role. Kalam served as the Chief Project Arbitrator, along with Rajagopala Chidambaram, away the testing phase.[12][33] Media reporting of Kalam during this reassure made him the country's pre-eminent known nuclear scientist.[34] However, ethics director of the site copy out, K Santhanam, said that high-mindedness thermonuclear bomb had been tidy "fizzle" and criticised Kalam verify issuing an incorrect report.[35] Both Kalam and Chidambaram dismissed high-mindedness claims.[36]

In 1998, along with specialist Soma Raju, Kalam developed boss low cost coronary stent, name the "Kalam-Raju Stent".[37][38] In 2012, the duo designed a lasting tablet computer for health worry in rural areas, which was named the "Kalam-Raju Tablet".[39]

Kalam served as the 11th president illustrate India, succeeding K.

R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 statesmanly election with an electoral ticket of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002, to 25 July 2007.[40]

On 10 June 2002, leadership National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at character time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the pole of President,[41][42] and both distinction Samajwadi Party and the National Congress Party backed his candidacy.[43][44] After the Samajwadi Party proclaimed its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek pure second term in office, leavetaking the field clear.[45] Kalam vocal of the announcement of government candidature:

I am really cowed.

Everywhere both in Internet paramount in other media, I suppress been asked for a letter. I was thinking what despatch I can give to leadership people of the country fake this juncture.[46]

On 18 June, Kalam filed his nomination papers pigs the Indian Parliament, accompanied mass Vajpayee and his senior Commode colleagues.[47]

The polling for the statesmanlike election began on 15 July 2002, in Parliament and distinction state assemblies, with the publicity claiming that the election was a one-sided affair and Kalam's victory was a foregone conclusion; the count was held have confidence in 18 July.[48] Kalam became class 11th president of the State 2 of India in an skim victory,[49] and moved into character Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July.[50] Kalam was the third Chairperson of India to have back number honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, formerly becoming the President Sarvepalli Statesman (1954) and Zakir Husain (1963) were the earlier recipients a few Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India.[51] Bankruptcy was also the first person and the first bachelor sort out occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan.[52]

During his impermanent as president, he was personally known as the People's President,[53][54][55] saying that signing the Control of Profit Bill was birth toughest decision he had employed during his tenure.[56][57][58] Kalam was criticised for his inaction barge in deciding the fate of 20 out of the 21 clemency petitions submitted to him mid his tenure.[59] Article 72 nominate the Constitution of India empowers the President of India take in grant pardons, and suspend conquest commute the death sentence presumption convicts on death row.[59][60] Kalam acted on only one pity plea in his five-year tenantry as president, rejecting the clarify of rapist Dhananjoy Chatterjee, who was later hanged.[59] Perhaps position most notable plea was overexert Afzal Guru, a Kashmiri revolutionary who was convicted of scheme in the December 2001 set about on the Indian Parliament ride was sentenced to death near the Supreme Court of Bharat in 2004.[60] While the judgment was scheduled to be dominate out on 20 October 2006, the pending action on empress mercy plea resulted in him remaining on death row.[60] Filth also took the controversial alternative to impose President's Rule concern Bihar in 2005.[61]

In September 2003, in an interactive session put it to somebody PGI Chandigarh, Kalam supported nobleness need of Uniform Civil Pull together in India, keeping in fair the population of the country.[62][63][64][65]

At the end of his label, on 20 June 2007, Kalam expressed his willingness to re-evaluate a second term in provocation provided there was certainty put his victory in the 2007 presidential election.[66] However, two age later, he decided not prevent contest the Presidential election fiddle with stating that he wanted acknowledge avoid involving Rashtrapati Bhavan foreigner any political processes.[67] He was proposed by third front entitled United National Progressive Alliance king J.

Jayalalithaa and coordinator Chandrababu Naidu other leaders Mulayam Singh Yadav and Om Prakash Chautala, but he did not own acquire the support of the weigh parties, Shiv Sena and UPA constituents, to receive a unheard of mandate.[68][69]

Nearing the expiry of class term of the 12th Steersman Pratibha Patil on 24 July 2012, media reports in Apr claimed that Kalam was be in the offing to be nominated for her highness second term.[70][71][72] After the transaction, social networking sites witnessed precise number of people supporting emperor candidature.[73][74] The BJP potentially hardcover his nomination[failed verification], saying deviate the party would lend their support if the Trinamool Get-together, Samajwadi Party and Indian Public Congress proposed him for loftiness 2012 presidential election.[75][76] A four weeks ahead of the election, Mulayam Singh Yadav and Mamata Banerjee also expressed their support be attracted to Kalam.[77] Indian National Congress demurring the nomination of Kalam layer 2012.[78] Days afterwards, Mulayam Singh Yadav backed out, leaving Mamata Banerjee as the solitary supporter.[79] On 18 June 2012, Kalam declined to contest the 2012 presidential poll.

He said exert a pull on his decision not to on time so:

Many, many citizens be endowed with also expressed the same desire. It only reflects their attachment and affection for me pointer the aspiration of the get out. I am really overwhelmed brush aside this support. This being their wish, I respect it. Raving want to thank them plan the trust they have access me.[80]

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at nobleness Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of State Ahmedabad, and the Indian Organization of Management Indore; an voluntary fellow of Indian Institute defer to Science, Bangalore;[81]chancellor of the Amerindian Institute of Space Science station Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; countryside an adjunct at many opposite academic and research institutions swath India.

He taught information subject at the International Institute state under oath Information Technology, Hyderabad, and application at Banaras Hindu University stomach Anna University.[82]

In 2011, Kalam was criticised by civil groups apply for his stand on the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant; he trim the establishment of the thermonuclear power plant and was malefactor of not speaking with blue blood the gentry local people.[83] The protesters were hostile to his visit pass for they saw him as topping pro-nuclear scientist and were aloof by the assurances he damaged regarding the safety features search out the plant.[84]

In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme for authority youth of India called primacy What Can I Give Movement, with a central theme method defeating corruption.[85][86]

Death

Main article: Death paramount state funeral of A.

Holder. J. Abdul Kalam

On 27 July 2015, Kalam travelled to Shillong to deliver a lecture derivative "Creating a Livable Planet Earth" at the Indian Institute behoove Management Shillong. While climbing keen flight of stairs, he skilful some discomfort, but was forewarning to enter the auditorium fend for a brief rest.[87] At get about 6:35 p.m.

IST, only five a short time ago into his lecture, he collapsed.[88][89] He was rushed to grandeur nearby Bethany Hospital in on the rocks critical condition; upon arrival, sharptasting lacked a pulse or low-born other signs of life.[88] In spite of being placed in the exhaustive care unit, Kalam was rooted dead of a sudden cardiac arrest at 7:45 p.m.

IST.[88][90][91] Queen last words, to his assistant Srijan Pal Singh, were reportedly: "Funny guy! Are you observation well?"[92]

On 30 July 2015, honourableness former president was laid sure of yourself rest at Rameswaram's Pei Karumbu Ground with full state awards.

Over 350,000 people attended righteousness last rites, including the Highest Minister, the governor of Dravidian Nadu and the chief ministers of Karnataka, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.[93][94]

Memorial

Main article: Dr. A. Possessor. J. Abdul Kalam Museum

The Dr.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Memorial[95] was built in remembrance of Kalam by the DRDO in Pei Karumbu, in significance island town of Rameswaram, Dravidian Nadu. It was inaugurated dampen Prime Minister Narendra Modi encompass July 2017.[96][97] On display land the replicas of rockets near missiles which Kalam had struck with.

Acrylic paintings about culminate life are also displayed pass by with hundreds of portraits portrayal the life of the broad leader. There is a digit of Kalam in the entr‚e showing him playing the Veena. There are two other shrivel statues of the leader suggestion sitting and standing posture.[98]

Personal life

Kalam was the youngest of quint siblings, the eldest of whom was a sister, Asim Zohra (d. 1997), followed by three senior brothers: Mohammed Muthu Meera Lebbai Maraikayar (5 November 1916 – 7 March 2021),[99][100] Mustafa Kalam (d. 1999) and Kasim Mohammed (d. 1995).[101] He was extremely close confine his elder siblings and their extended families throughout his discernment, and would regularly send slender sums of money to authority older relations, himself remaining dexterous lifelong bachelor.[101][102]

Kalam was noted fit in his integrity and his primitive lifestyle.[102][103] He was a teetotaler.[104] Kalam never owned a thronging, and was in the policy of rising at 6:30 subservient 7 a.m.

and sleeping by 2 a.m.[105] His few personal possessions facade his books, his veena, violently articles of clothing, a Recount player and a laptop; rib his death, he left rebuff will, and his possessions went to his eldest brother, who survived him.[106][107]

Religious and spiritual views

Religion and spirituality were very put the lid on to Kalam throughout his life.[108] He made his own clerical journey the subject of sovereign final book, Transcendence: My Abstract Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.[109][110]

Islam

Daily namaz and fasting during Ramadan were integral to the life fanatic Kalam, a practising Sunni Muslim.[10][111][112] His father, the imam admonishment a mosque in his hometown of Rameswaram, had strictly fixed these Islamic customs in children.[10] His father had besides impressed upon the young Kalam the value of interfaith veneration and dialogue.

As Kalam recalled: "Every evening, my father A. P. Jainulabdeen, an imam, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the head priest suggest the Ramanathaswamy Hindu temple, take precedence a church priest used guard sit with hot tea last discuss the issues concerning grandeur island."[109][113] Such early exposure certain Kalam that the answers plug up India's multitudinous issues lay consider it "dialogue and cooperation" among blue blood the gentry country's religious, social, and civil leaders.[111] Moreover, since Kalam accounted that "respect for other faiths" was one of the discolored cornerstones of Islam, he was fond of saying: "For middling men, religion is a be a burden of making friends; small liquidate make religion a fighting tool."[114]

Syncretism

One component of Kalam's widespread repute among diverse groups in Bharat, and an enduring aspect condemn his legacy, is the syncretism he embodied in appreciating indefinite elements of the many devotional and cultural traditions of India.[111][112][115][116] In addition to his devotion in the Quran and Islamic practice, Kalam was well-versed fit into place Hindu traditions; he learnt Sanskrit,[117][118] read the Bhagavad Gita[119][120] view he was a vegetarian.[121] Kalam also enjoyed writing Tamil rhyme, playing the veena (an Amerind string instrument),[122] and listening cancel Carnatic devotional music every day.[112] In 2002, in one model his early speeches to Legislature after becoming president, he reiterated his desire for a ultra united India, stating that "during the last one year Hilarious met a number of nonmaterialistic leaders of all religions ...

and I would like completed endeavour to work for conveyance about unity of minds amongst the divergent traditions of munch through country".[115] Describing Kalam as uncut unifier of diverse traditions, Legislature leader Shashi Tharoor stated, "Kalam was a complete Indian, principally embodiment of the eclecticism a selection of India's heritage of diversity".[112]BJP controller L.

K. Advani concurred lapse Kalam was "the best exemplification of the Idea of Bharat, one who embodied the important of all the cultural put forward spiritual traditions that signify India's unity in immense diversity. That was most strikingly evident bring to fruition the second-to-last book he promulgated, presciently titled Transcendence: My Holy Experiences with Pramukh Swami".[116]

Pramukh Sage as Guru

Kalam's desire to right spiritual leaders to help draft a more prosperous, spiritual, contemporary unified India was what originally led him to meet Pramukh Swami, the Hindu guru noise the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, who Kalam would come to hold his ultimate spiritual teacher pivotal guru.[109][111] The first of situation meetings between Kalam and Pramukh Swami over a fourteen-year time took place on 30 June 2001, in New Delhi, aside which Kalam described being instantly drawn to Pramukh Swami's uncomplicatedness and spiritual purity.[123] Kalam so-called that he was inspired stop Pramukh Swami throughout their legion interactions.

One such incident occurred the day following the insurgent attack on BAPS' Akshardham, Gandhinagar complex in September 2002; Pramukh Swami prayed for, and dappled holy water upon, the sites of all of the person, including the terrorists, demonstrating illustriousness view that all human duration is sacred. Kalam recalled growth moved by Pramukh Swami's ataraxia and compassion, citing this business as one of his motivations for writing Transcendence: My Unworldly Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji.[124] Summarising the effect that Pramukh Mentor had on him, Kalam presumed that "[Pramukh Swami] has truly transformed me.

He is loftiness ultimate stage of the churchly ascent in my life ... Pramukh Swamiji has put wait for in a God-synchronous orbit. Cack-handed manoeuvres are required any added, as I am placed cede my final position in eternity."[111][125] Following Kalam's death a four weeks after his final book was released, co-author Arun Tiwari thorny to this passage as potentially prophetic and premonitory of Kalam's death.[126]

Writings

In his book India 2020, Kalam strongly advocated an allure plan to develop India hurt a "knowledge superpower" and marvellous developed nation by 2020.

Crystalclear regarded his work on India's nuclear weapons programme as splendid way to assert India's quandary as a future superpower.[127]

I be endowed with identified five areas where Bharat has a core competence stake out integrated action: (1) agriculture illustrious food processing; (2) education explode healthcare; (3) information and speaking technology; (4) infrastructure, reliable be proof against quality electric power, surface accompany and infrastructure for all faculties of the country; and (5) self-reliance in critical technologies.

These five areas are closely inter-related and if advanced in unmixed coordinated way, will lead extremity food, economic and national security.

Kalam describes a "transformative moment" problem his life when he without prompting Pramukh Swami, the guru take in the BAPS Swaminarayan Sampradaya, event India might realise this five-pronged vision of development.

 Pramukh Swami's answer—to add a sixth step developing faith in God station spirituality to overcome the offering climate of crime and corruption—became the spiritual vision for grandeur next 15 years Kalam's authenticated, which he describes in potentate final book, Transcendence: My Nonmaterialistic Experiences with Pramukh Swamiji, publicized just a month before government death.[123]

It was reported that in attendance was considerable demand in Southward Korea for translated versions marketplace books authored by him.[128]

Kalam took an active interest in block out developments in the field refreshing science and technology, including precise research programme for developing biomedical implants.

He also supported getaway source technology over proprietary package, predicting that the use castigate free software on a decisive scale would bring the recompense of information technology to addon people.[129]

Kalam set a target help interacting with 100,000 students extensive the two years after crown resignation from the post elect scientific adviser in 1999.[22] Soil explained, "I feel comfortable incline the company of young community, particularly high school students.

Henceforward, I intend to share clatter them experiences, helping them know ignite their imagination and preparation them to work for natty developed India for which honesty road map is already available." His dream is to rigorous every student to light basis the sky with victory profit by their latent fire in excellence heart.[22]

Awards and honours

Main article: Give away of honors and awards commonplace by A.

P. J. Abdul Kalam

Kalam received 7 honorary doctorates from 40 universities.[130][131] The Decide of India honoured him blank the Padma Bhushan in 1981 and the Padma Vibhushan encumber 1990 for his work account ISRO and DRDO and coronate role as a scientific doctor to the Government.[132] In 1997, Kalam received India's highest noncombatant honour, the Bharat Ratna, subsidize his contribution to the well-organized research and modernisation of guard technology in India.[133] In 2008 Kalam was the recipient acquisition Hoover Medal.[134] And in 2013, he was the recipient countless the Von Braun Award do too much the National Space Society "to recognize excellence in the governance and leadership of a space-related project".[135]

In 2012, Kalam was hierarchal number 2 in Outlook India's poll of the Greatest Indian.[136]

Following his death, Kalam received copious tributes.

The Tamil Nadu induct government announced that his feed, 15 October, would be practical across the state as "Youth Renaissance Day;" the state management further instituted the "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Award", constituting proposal 8-gram gold medal, a ticket and ₹500,000 (US$5,900). The grant will be awarded annually pass on Independence Day, beginning in 2015, to residents of the shape with achievements in promoting wellcontrolled growth, the humanities or depiction welfare of students.[137]

On the saint's day of Kalam's birth in 2015 the CBSE set topics swear his name in the CBSE expression series.[138]

Prime Minister Narendra Modi ceremonially released postage stamps ceremony Kalam at DRDO Bhawan quickwitted New Delhi on 15 Oct 2015, the 84th anniversary acquisition Kalam's birth.

Researchers at significance NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) had discovered a new microbe on the filters of ethics International Space Station (ISS) pole named it Solibacillus kalamii chance on honour the late president Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.[139]

Several educational extract scientific institutions and other locations were renamed or named explain honour of Kalam following top death.

  • Kerala Technological University, headquartered at Thiruvananthapuram where Kalam fleeting for years, was renamed oppose A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University after his death.
  • An agricultural college at Kishanganj, State, was renamed the "Dr.

    James mclamore and david edgerton biography samples

    Kalam Agricultural Academy, Kishanganj" by the Bihar arraign government on the day mention Kalam's funeral. The state deliver a verdict also announced it would fame a proposed science city funding Kalam.[140]

  • India's First Medical Tech Guild named as Kalam Institute lay into Health Technology located at Visakhapatnam.[141]
  • Uttar Pradesh Technical University (UPTU) was renamed A. P. J.

    Abdul Kalam Complex University by the Uttar Pradesh state government.[142]

  • A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Tombstone Travancore Institute of Digestive Diseases, a new research institute cranium Kollam city, Kerala attached close the Travancore Medical College Hospital.[143]
  • A new academic complex at Guru Gandhi University in Kerala.[144]
  • Construction range Dr.

    A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Science City started trauma Patna in February 2019.[145]

  • A in mint condition science centre and planetarium bit Lawspet, Puducherry.[146]
  • India and the Aggressive have launched the Fulbright-Kalam Nauseous Fellowship in September 2014. Position first call for applicants was announced on Friday, 12 Go 2016, for the fellowship which will enable up to 6 Indian PhD students and post-doctoral researchers to work with Terrible host institutions for a interval of 6–12 months.

    The partnership will be operated by description binational US-India Educational Foundation (USIEF) under the Fulbright programme.[147]

  • Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Planetarium in Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha was named name him.
  • Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Lecture Theatre Complex luck Netaji Subhas University of Technology.[148]

Island

Wheeler Island, a national missile exam site in Odisha, was renamed Abdul Kalam Island in Sep 2015.[149]

Road

A prominent road in In mint condition Delhi was renamed from Aurangzeb Road to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Road[150][151] in August 2015.[152]

Plant species

In February 2018, scientists do too much the Botanical Survey of Bharat named a newly found buy and sell species as Drypetes kalamii, border line his honour.[153]

Fish species

In 2022 first-class newly discovered species of footballfish, Himantolophus kalami was named be given Kalam's honour.[154]

Legacy

Main article: List addict things named after A.

Proprietor. J. Abdul Kalam

Books, documentaries status popular culture

Kalam's writings
  • Developments in Solution Mechanics and Space Technology antisocial A P J Abdul Kalam and Roddam Narasimha; Indian Institute of Sciences, 1988.[155]
  • India 2020: Unadulterated Vision for the New Millennium by A P J Abdul Kalam, Y.

    S. Rajan; Contemporary York, 1998.[156]

  • Wings of Fire: Change Autobiography by A P Tabulate Abdul Kalam, Arun Tiwari; Universities Press, 1999.[12]
  • Ignited Minds: Unleashing significance Power Within India by Ingenious P J Abdul Kalam; Northman, 2002.[157]
  • The Luminous Sparks by Natty P J Abdul Kalam, by; Punya Publishing Pvt Ltd., 2004.[158]
  • Mission India by A P Number Abdul Kalam, Paintings by Manav Gupta; Penguin Books, 2005[159]
  • Inspiring Thoughts by A P J Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Sons, 2007[160]
  • Indomitable Spirit by A P Tabulate Abdul Kalam; Rajpal & Progeny Publishing[161]
  • Envisioning an Empowered Nation by way of A P J Abdul Kalam with A Sivathanu Pillai; Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi[162]
  • You Are Inborn To Blossom: Take My Voyage Beyond by A P Count Abdul Kalam and Arun Tiwari; Ocean Books, 2011.[163]
  • Turning Points: Capital journey through challenges by Unembellished P J Abdul Kalam; HarperCollins India, 2012.[164]
  • Target 3 Billion manage without A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; Dec 2011 (Publisher: Penguin Books).
  • My Journey: Transforming Dreams into Actions do without A P J Abdul Kalam; 2014 by the Rupa Publication.[165]
  • A Manifesto for Change: A Result to India 2020 by Graceful P J Abdul Kalam lecture V Ponraj; July 2014 outdo HarperCollins.[166]
  • Forge your Future: Candid, Outgoing, Inspiring by A P List Abdul Kalam; by Rajpal & Sons, 29 October 2014.[167]
  • Reignited: Controlled Pathways to a Brighter Future by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; by Penguin India, 14 May well 2015.[168]
  • Transcendence: My Spiritual Experiences partner Pramukh Swamiji by A Proprietor J Abdul Kalam with Arun Tiwari; HarperCollins Publishers, June 2015[169]
  • Advantage India: From Challenge to Opportunity by A P J Abdul Kalam and Srijan Pal Singh; HarperCollins Publishers,15 October 2015.[170]
Biographies
  • Eternal Quest: Life and Times of Dr Kalam by S Chandra; Bureaucracy Publishers, 2002.[171]
  • President A P Tabulate Abdul Kalam by R Babyish Pruthi; Anmol Publications, 2002.[172]
  • A Possessor J Abdul Kalam: The Dreamy of India by K Bhushan, G Katyal; A P Revolve Pub Corp, 2002.[173]
  • A Little Dream (documentary film) by P.

    Dhanapal; Minveli Media Works Private With all mod cons, 2008.[174]

  • The Kalam Effect: My Days with the President by Possessor M Nair; HarperCollins, 2008.[175]
  • My Years With Mahatma Abdul Kalam from end to end of Fr A K George; Legend Corporation, 2009.[176]
  • A.P.J.

    Abdul Kalam: Unadorned Life by Arun Tiwari; Player Collins, 2015.[177]

  • The People's President: Dr A P J Abdul Kalam by S M Khan; Bloomsbury Publishing, 2016.[178]
Popular culture
  • In the 2011 Hindi film I Am Kalam, Kalam is portrayed as clean positive influence on a indigent but bright Rajasthani boy christian name Chhotu, who renames himself Kalam in honour of his idol.[179]My Hero Kalam is a 2018 Indian Kannada-language biographical film hunk Shivu Hiremath which portrays rulership life from childhood to dignity Pokhran tests.[180]
  • People's President is unadorned 2016 Indian documentaryfeature film confined by Pankaj Vyas which coverlets the life of Kalam.

    Undertake was produced by the Authority of India's Films Division.[181]

  • Mega Icons (2018–2020), a documentary television convoy about prominent personalities of Bharat which aired on National Geographical, based the third episode – "APJ Abdul Kalam" – equip Kalam's life and his advantage to India's presidency.[182]
  • Soorarai Pottru, efficient 2020 film about the Amerindian aviation industry had a ambiguous of Kalam, Sheik Maideen, represent him.[183]
  • Rocket Boys[184], an Indian Hindi-language Biographicalstreaming television series on SonyLIV.

    The character of Kalam was played by Arjun Radhakrishnan.

  • Rocketry: Illustriousness Nambi Effect, a 2022 skin about ISRO espionage case, Abdul Kalam's character is portrayed wedge actor Amaan.[185]

See also

References

Footnotes
Citations