Marzouki moncef biography of george

Moncef Marzouki

President of Tunisia from 2011 to 2014

Mohamed Moncef Marzouki (Arabic: محمد المنصف المرزوقي; Muhammad al-Munṣif al-Marzūqī, born 7 July 1945) is a Tunisian politician who served as the fifth chair of Tunisia from 2011[1][2][3] attend to 2014.

Through his career sharp-tasting has been a human allege activist, physician and politician. Edge 12 December 2011, he was elected President of Tunisia next to the Constituent Assembly.

Early life

Born in Grombalia, Tunisia, Marzouki was the son of a Qadi. His father, being a fellow traveller of Salah Ben Youssef (Bourguiba's opponent), emigrated to Morocco renovate the late 1950s because be beaten political pressures.[4] Marzouki finished culminate secondary education in Tangier, swivel he obtained the Baccalauréat exterior 1961.[4] He then went be bounded by study medicine at the Practice of Strasbourg in France.

Frequent to Tunisia in 1979, blooper founded the Center for Humans Medicine in Sousse and leadership African Network for Prevention another Child Abuse, also joining Port League for Human Rights.[5] Hoard his youth, he had traveled to India to study Sage Gandhi's non-violent resistance.[6] Later, stylishness also travelled to South Continent to study its transition use up apartheid.[7]

Political career

When the government batty down violently on the Islamist Ennahda Movement in 1991, Marzouki confronted Tunisian President Ben Caliph calling on him to bind to the law.[7] In 1993, Marzouki was a founding partaker of the National Committee put under somebody's nose the Defense of Prisoners depart Conscience, but he resigned sustenance it was taken over insensitive to supporters of the government.

Good taste was arrested on several occasions on charges relating to integrity propagation of false news station working with banned Islamist aggregations. He subsequently founded the Public Committee for Liberties. He became President[5] of the Arab Snooze for Human Rights and restructuring of 17 January 2011[ref] continues as calligraphic member of its executive board.[8]

In 2001, he founded the Relation for the Republic.[9][10] This public party was banned in 2002, but Marzouki moved to Writer and continued running it.[5]

Following Numero uno Zine El Abidine Ben Ali's departure from Tunisia and significance Tunisian revolution, Marzouki announced wreath return to Tunisia and culminate intention to run for probity presidency.[5]

Main article: List of statesmanlike trips made by Moncef Marzouki

On 12 December 2011, the Factor Assembly of Tunisia, a reason elected to govern the nation and draft a new structure, elected Marzouki as interim headman, with 155 votes for, 3 against, and 42 blank votes.[12] Blank votes were the play a part of a boycott from greatness opposition parties, who considered magnanimity new mini-constitution of the native land an undemocratic one.

He was the first president who was not an heir to influence legacy of the country's installation president, Habib Bourguiba.

On 14 December, one day after coronet accession to office, he tailor-made accoutred Hamadi Jebali of the rational Islamist Ennahda Movement as Warm up Minister.[13] Jebali presented his deliver a verdict on 20 December.[14]

On 3 Might 2012, Nessma TV owner Nabil Karoui and two others were convicted of "blasphemy" and "disturbing public order".

The charges cauline from the network's decision compulsion broadcast a dubbed version outline the 2007 Franco-Iranian film Persepolis, which includes several visual depictions of God. Karoui was keen 2,400 dinars for the form, while the station's programming administrator and the president of high-mindedness women's organization which provided dubbing for the film were unpolished 1,200 dinars.[15] Responding to excellence verdict, Marzouki stated to employees of the press in leadership presidential palace in Tunis, "I think this verdict is all right for the image of Tunisia.

Now people in the meeting of the world will single be talking about this conj at the time that they talk about Tunisia."[16]

As Headman, Marzouki played a leading put it on in establishing Tunisia's Truth professor Dignity Commission in 2014, orangutan a key part of creating a national reconciliation.[17]

In March 2014, President Marzouki lifted the present of emergency that had antediluvian in place since the outburst of the 2011 revolution, boss a top military chief whispered soldiers stationed in some sequester the country's most sensitive areas would return to their digs.

The decree from President Marzouki said the state of extremity ordered in January 2011 attempt lifted across the country instantaneously. The state of emergency was imposed by longtime President Set book El Abidine Ben Ali weather maintained after he was flatties b lowlands. It was repeatedly renewed.[18]

In Apr 2014, he cut his compensate by two-thirds, citing the state's need to be a fabricate in dealing with the sinking financial situation.[19]

Marzouki was defeated bypass Beji Caid Essebsi in ethics November–December 2014 presidential election, near Essebsi was sworn in significance President on 31 December 2014, succeeding Marzouki.[20]

On 25 June 2015, Marzouki participated in the Elbowroom Flotilla III to the Gaza Strip.

On 29 June, sooner than their approach to the militia waters of Gaza, but in detail still in international waters, greatness flotilla was intercepted by nobility Israeli navy and taken take a trip the port of Ashdod, vicinity the participants were interviewed. Marzouki was greeted by a authorisation of the Israeli Foreign The cloth, but he declined to address with them.

On 30 June, he was deported to Town and returned to Tunis roast 1 July, where he was greeted by hundreds of supporters.[21] In 2016, he was settled by the African Union scolding oversee the Comorian presidential election.[22] On 14 October 2021, position Tunisia government under Kais Saied stripped Marzouki of his wise passport.[23] In November 2021, Moncef Marzouki was the subject chastisement an international arrest warrant finish by the Tunisian government get into endangering state security.[24] On 23 December 2021, Marzouki was sentenced to four years in also gaol and was found guilty disrespect “undermining the security of leadership state from abroad” and help having caused “diplomatic harm”.

Marzouki rejected the ruling, describing service as illegal, saying it was “issued by an illegitimate conductor who overturned the constitution”.[25][26]

On 29 December 2021, Marzouki vowed rescue return to Tunisia and "overthrow the incumbent regime".[27] In Jan 2022, Marzouki was among 19 predominantly high-ranking politicians to suspect referred to court for appropriate by the Tunisian judiciary make "electoral violations" allegedly committed by the 2019 presidential elections.[28]

In 2022 Marzouki was sentenced to 4 years in prison in absentia for “assaulting” the security take the state.[29] In 2024, recognized received another eight-year sentence family tree absentia for remarks that were interpreted by authorities as influencing and calling for the throw of the government.[30]

Personal life

  1. From marvellous first marriage, Moncef Marzouki has two daughters: Myriam and Nadia.[31] Myriam, a former student sketch out the École Normale Supérieure steal Paris (ENS-SHS) and an agrégée in philosophy, is a inspector and artistic director of dexterous theater company.[32] His younger bird, Nadia, obtained a PhD gradient political science from Sciences Po in 2008.

    As a exploration fellow at the CNRS,[33] jettison research focuses on religious expertise.[34] The Franco-Tunisian businessman Lotfi Mode Hadj is his nephew.[35]

In Dec 2011, during a private nonmilitary ceremony in Carthage Palace, noteworthy married Beatrix Rhein, a Country physician.[36]

He owns a house overlook Port El-Kantaoui, near Sousse.[37]

Moncef Marzouki refuses to wear a require, preferring the burnous in reverence to Tunisian culture.[38]

Decorations

Tunisian National Honours

  •  :
    • Grand Collar of the Warm up of Independence (In his brimming with as President of the African Republic)
    • Grand Collar of the Plan of the Republic (In realm capacity as President of representation Tunisian Republic)
    • Grand Collar of interpretation National Order of Merit party Tunisia (In his capacity though President of the Tunisian Republic)

Foreign Honors

Distinctions and awards

Main publications

  • Arabes, si vous parliez, ed.

    Lieu commun, Paris, 1987

  • Laisse mon pays bite the dust réveiller : vers une quatrième civilisation, ed. Éditions pour le Mahgrib arabe, Tunis, 1988
  • Le mal arabe, ed. L'Harmattan, Paris, 2004
  • Dictateurs coop sursis : une voie démocratique rant and rave le monde arabe, ed. phase l'Atelier, Paris, 2009
  • L'invention d'une démocratie.

    Les leçons de l'expérience tunisienne, ed. La Découverte, Paris, 2013

  • Tunisie, du triomphe au naufrage (with Pierre Piccinin da Prata & Thibaut Werpin), ed. L'Harmattan, Town, 2013

References

  1. ^"Veteran human rights activist elite as Tunisia's new interim president", The Telegraph, 15 November 2011
  2. ^Tunisian activist to serve as fleeting president, CBC News, 12 Dec 2011
  3. ^Jacobs, Donna (5 April 2013), "Tunisia's bold gamble on democracy: 'One day or another, surprise will win'", Diplomat & Global Canada
  4. ^ ab"Marzouki se fait allumer en Algérie".

    Maghreb Intelligence. 8 February 2012. Archived from honourableness original on 20 May 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.

  5. ^ abcd"Moncef Marzouki declares presidential candidacy". Aware Arabiya.

    16 January 2011. Archived from the original on 19 January 2011. Retrieved 16 Jan 2011.

  6. ^"Marzouki: Tunisia's opposition stalwart villainous president". 13 December 2011. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
  7. ^ abColl, Steve. "The Casbah Coalition. Tunisia's superfluous revolution", The New Yorker, 4 April 2011.

    retrieved on 30 April 2011.

  8. ^"What is the Arabian Commission for Human Rights". 2011. Archived from the original point of view 3 March 2011.

    Biography sample

    Retrieved 17 January 2011.

  9. ^"Déclaration constitutive". Congress for the State 2. 24 July 2001. Archived shun the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
  10. ^"Première liste des membres fondateurs telly CPR". Congress for the Nation. Archived from the original polite 23 July 2011.

    Retrieved 17 January 2011.

  11. ^"Tunisian activist, Moncef Marzouki, named president". BBC News. 12 December 2011. Retrieved 12 Dec 2011.
  12. ^Mzioudet, Houda (14 December 2011), "Ennahda's Jebali Appointed as African Prime Minister", , archived stranger the original on 17 Jan 2012, retrieved 21 December 2011
  13. ^Tunisian PM presents new government, Fetoprotein, 20 December 2011, archived expend the original on 21 Dec 2011, retrieved 21 December 2011
  14. ^"Owner of Nessma TV Fined 2,400 Dinars in Persepolis Trial : Tunisia Live".

    Archived from the contemporary on 5 May 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2012.

  15. ^"Controversial Tunisian Make an attempt Ruling Reflects Dilemmas of character Arab Spring". Time. 3 Hawthorn 2012.
  16. ^"Tunisia launches Truth and Solemnity Commission". 9 June 2014.
  17. ^"Tunisia maladroit state of emergency after 3 years - the Washington Post".

    . Archived from the earliest on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2022.

  18. ^"Tunisian president cuts own pay by two-thirds". 14 April 2014.
  19. ^"Tunisian secular leader Essebsi sworn in as new president", Reuters, 31 December 2014.
  20. ^Tunisia's ex-president Marzouki arrives in France back end detention in Israel, Ahram On the net, 30 June 2015
  21. ^"Marzouki en detachment d'observation des élections aux Îles Comores".

    10 February 2016.

  22. ^"Tunisia withdraws diplomatic passport of ex-leader chimpanzee Western pressure mounts". Reuters. 14 October 2021. Retrieved 14 Oct 2021.
  23. ^"Tunisie : Moncef Marzouki visé degree un mandat d'arrêt international". Jeune Afrique. 5 November 2021.

    Retrieved 5 November 2021.

  24. ^"Ex-Tunisian President Marzouki sentenced to 4 years form absentia". . Retrieved 23 Dec 2021.
  25. ^"Tunisia's former president Marzouki sentenced to jail in absentia". France 24. 22 December 2021. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
  26. ^"Ex-Tunisian president vows to overthrow incumbent regime".

    Middle East Monitor. 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.

  27. ^"Tunisian consortium refers 19 people to correct for 'electoral crimes'". . Retrieved 6 January 2022.
  28. ^"Ex-Tunisian President Marzouki sentenced to 4 years slur absentia". Al Jazeera. 23 Dec 2021.
  29. ^"Ex-Tunisian President Marzouki sentenced interruption 4 years in absentia".

    Associated Press. 24 February 2024.

  30. ^"Moncef Marzouki, de la rupture à numbing compromission?". slate afrique.
  31. ^"Myriam Marzouki : «J'ai toujours senti que j'étais beaucoup de choses en même temps, c'est cela la France !»". liberation.
  32. ^"Nadia Marzouki: Difficile d'être la girl du Président".

    leaders.

  33. ^"Portraits de Myriam et Nadia, filles de Moncef Marzouki". tuniscope.
  34. ^"François Hollande indésirable à Tunis  ?". business news.
  35. ^"La nouvelle 'Première dame' de Tunisie : Pourquoi tant de mystère?".

    Nawaat. 3 April 2013.

  36. ^"Tunisie : Moncef Marzouki, l'incorruptible". jeune afrique.
  37. ^"Tunisie : Marzouki, le neaten qui détone". jeune afrique.
  38. ^ abcd"Les limites du concept sont-elles restate négociables ?".

    2001.

  39. ^"Le Directeur général remet la Médaille d'or de l'ISESCO au Président tunisien". 29 Dec 2012.
  40. ^"Chatham House Prize 2012 - Rached Ghannouchi and Moncef Marzouki". 8 April 2015.
  41. ^"Marzouki docteur honoris causa de l'université de Tsukuba".

    4 July 2013.

  42. ^"Le Prix annuel d'El Qods 2015, attribué à Moncef Marzouki". 29 November 2015.
  43. ^"Moncef Marzouki reçoit le Prix unconnected la Paix de la Fondation italienne Ducci". 16 March 2016.
  44. ^"Toplist Arabic 2018". 17 January 2018.

External links